$$ f(x)=ax^3+bx$$
$$f'(x)=3ax^2+b$$
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Kurvenpunkt P(1|2)
$$ f(1)=2\Rightarrow 2=a+b~~~~~~(I)$$
Extrempunkt P(1|2)
$$ f'(1)=0\Rightarrow 0=3a+b~~~~~(II)$$
$$ (II)-(I):~~~~~-2=2a\Rightarrow a=-1 $$
$$ \ldots\Rightarrow b=3$$
$$ f(x)=-x^3+3x$$