x + 2·z = a
x - y + z = 2
- 2·x + y - z·3 = -8
I ; III + II
x + 2·z = a
-x - 2·z = -6
I + II
0 = a - 6 → a = 6 ansonsten gibt es keine Lösung
-x - 2·z = -6 → x = 6 - 2·z
(6 - 2·z) - y + z = 2 → y = 4 - z
X = [6 - 2·z, 4 - z, z] = [6, 4, 0] + z·[-2, -1, 1]